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| = FOSS Outreach Program for Women (OPW) and Project Ascend Alumni = Please see the [https://wiki.gnome.org/OutreachProgramForWomen FOSS Outreach Program for Women homepage] for an introduction to the program. |
## page was renamed from OPWIntro = Outreachy (formerly FOSS Outreach Program for Women (OPW) and Project Ascend Alumni) = Please see the [https://www.gnome.org/outreachy/ Outreachy homepage] for an introduction to the program. |
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| We are looking for round 9 [:OPWSponsor:funding sponsors] and Linux kernel [:OPWMentor:mentors]. Please see the linked FAQ pages if you want to help out. | The application period for '''Round 13''' will start on September 12, 2016. It's too early to send patches to the outreachy kernel mailing list, but please consider working through the other parts of the tutorial if you are interested in applying. |
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| Welcome OPW applicants! Our [:OPWSponsor:round 9 sponsors] have generiously donated funds for internships for women, genderqueer, genderfluid, or genderfree people, and alumni from the [http://ascendproject.org/ Ascend Project] to work on the Linux kernel. The kernel is the most basic layer of the Linux operating system. It encompasses many things: hardware drivers, filesystems, security, task scheduling, and much more. | We are looking for round 13 [:OutreachySponsor:funding sponsors] and Linux kernel [:OutreachyMentor:mentors]. Please see the linked FAQ pages if you want to help out. Welcome Outreachy applicants! Our [:OutreachySponsor:round 13 sponsors] have generiously donated funds for internships for women, genderqueer, genderfluid, or genderfree people, and residents and nationals of the United States of any gender who are Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander to work on the Linux kernel. The kernel is the most basic layer of the Linux operating system. It encompasses many things: hardware drivers, filesystems, security, task scheduling, and much more. '''News''' This year, we ask that you send all patches to the appropriate staging driver maintainers, as well as to the outreachy mailing list. See [:FirstKernelPatch#submit_a_patch:Submit a patch] for more information. |
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| The application period for OPW Round 9 is September 12 to October 31. Most OPW organizations have an application deadline of October 22, however, the Linux kernel application period will be put on temporary hold from October 10 to October 20. Most kernel mentors will be attending conferences (LinuxCon Europe, Linux Plumbers Conf, and Embedded Linux Conference Europe) during that time. During the hold period, no new kernel application patches will be accepted or reviewed, and mentors may not be available on the IRC channel. Therefore, it is important to start sending patches early in the application period. We suggest that you tackle a medium-sized advanced project during that week, rather than preparing to send many small clean up patches after the hold period is finished. Please fill our your [https://live.gnome.org/OutreachProgramForWomen#Application_Process initial application] by October 22nd, and complete your initial kernel patch by October 31. Applicants that do not complete the first patch will not be considered for an internship. Please take a look at our [:OPWApply:application FAQ] for more info on how to fill our your initial application. Applicants will be notified on November 12 if they have been accepted. |
The application period for Outreachy Round 13 is September 12 to October 17. Please fill your [https://live.gnome.org/OutreachProgramForWomen#Application_Process application] by '''October 17''', and complete your kernel patch by '''October 17''' also (7pm UTC in both cases). Applicants that do not complete the first patch will not be considered for an internship. Please take a look at our [:OutreachyApply:application FAQ] for more info on how to fill out your application. |
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| * Join the [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/opw-kernel opw-kernel mailing list] * Join the #opw IRC channel on irc.gnome.org * Join the #kernel-opw IRC channel on irc.oftc.net * Read our [:OPWApply:instructions for applying], and apply by October 31. * Use our [:OPWfirstpatch:tutorial] to send in your first kernel patch by October 31. |
* Join the [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/outreachy-kernel outreachy-kernel mailing list] * Join the #outreachy IRC channel on irc.gnome.org * Join the #kernel-outreachy IRC channel on irc.oftc.net * Read our [:OutreachyApply:instructions for applying], and apply by October 17. * Use our [:Outreachyfirstpatch:tutorial] to send in your first kernel patch by October 17. |
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| Some projects may have small tasks you can complete as part of the application process. '''Do not''' start on these tasks until after you complete the [:OPWfirstpatch:first patch tutorial] and Greg Kroah-Hartman has accepted at least ten of your cleanup patches and two of your patchsets. In order to ensure applicants aren't working on the same task, we need your help in coordinating who is working on what task. Please see the [:OPWTasks:OPW tasks page] for details before starting on a task! | Some projects may have small tasks you can complete as part of the application process. '''Do not''' start on these tasks until after you complete the [:Outreachyfirstpatch:first patch tutorial] and Greg Kroah-Hartman has accepted at least ten of your cleanup patches and two of your patchsets. In order to ensure applicants aren't working on the same task, we need your help in coordinating who is working on what task. Please see the [:OutreachyTasks:Outreachy tasks page] for details before starting on a task! |
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| = Round 9 projects = == Kernel tinification == ''Mentor:'': [:JoshTriplett:Josh Triplett] Over time, the Linux kernel has grown far more featureful, but it has also grown significantly larger, even with all the optional features turned off. I'd like to reverse that trend, making the kernel much smaller, to enable ridiculously small embedded applications and other fun uses. In this project, you'll start from "make allnoconfig", and then try to shrink the kernel even further. You'll learn how to work with the kernel configuration system, Kconfig, and use scripts/bloat-o-meter to measure the size impact of a change. This is a highly incremental project: each feature you make optional or kernel component you shrink will mostly stand alone, and you can develop and submit each change independently. Some of these tinification goals will work well during the application period; others will require a substantial time investment, and will primarily make sense during the full internship. Before working on any of these, especially during the application period, you should send a quick note to the OPW kernel mailing list to coordinate, and avoid duplicated effort. Please see https://tiny.wiki.kernel.org/ for more details on this effort. See https://tiny.wiki.kernel.org/projects for a list of possible projects. The projects listed as "small" can potentially be done during the application period, or by an intern accepted to work on this project. The projects listed as "large" should wait until the internship. (Note to mentors and prospective applicants: Josh plans to present the tinification effort and list of projects at Linux Kernel Summit, and may add, remove, or edit items on this list based on feedback obtained there.) |
= Round 13 projects = Previous projects, from round 12 projects are available [:OutreachyRound12:here]. For each project, if you click on the proposer's name, you may find more information. |
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| ''Mentor:'': [:JuliaLawall:Julia Lawall] | |
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| ''Mentor:'' [http://kernelnewbies.org/JuliaLawall Julia Lawall], [http://kernelnewbies.org/NicolasPalix Nicolas Palix] | Coccinelle is a program matching and transformation tool that has been extensively used for improving Linux kernel code. This project will involve using Coccinelle to address a security issue in the Linux kernel. |
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| [http://coccinelle.lip6.fr Coccinelle] is a program matching and transformation tool for C code that has been used extensively in contributing to the Linux kernel, for both code evolutions and bug fixes. Coccinelle is driven by specifications, known as semantic patches, that use a notation based on C code, and are this fairly easy to develop. Around 40 semantic patches are included with the Linux kernel source code, in scripts/coccinelle, and are used in the continuous testing service provided by Intel. | The Linux kernel contains many data structures whose contents never change once they are initialized, many of which contain function pointers. Such structures that are modifiable at run time constitute a security risk, because an attacker may be able to overwrite the field value with a pointer to malicious code, that will then be executed with full kernel privileges. The first goal of this project is to use Coccinelle to insert const annotations on such structures to prevent runtime modfications. Some structures, however, cannot be made const, because they are initialized in several steps. In these cases, it may be possible to annotate the structure as {{{__ro_after_init}}}, if all of the initializations can take place during the init phase. The second goal is to add {{{__ro_after_init}}} where they are needed. This may requiring adding {{{__init}}} annotations on some code that is actually only needed during the init phase.line bash script. Please indicate in your application whether you are interested in this part of the project, however, interest in this part of the project is not a prerequisite for being selected as an intern. |
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| Recently, we have used Coccinelle in an extensive study of [http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/01/02/27/04/PDF/faults-in-linux-2.6-tocs.pdf faults in Linux 2.6]. The goal of this project is to extend the results to more recent versions of Linux, and to facilitate the extension of the work to subsequent versions. This will entail: | More information about Coccinelle is available [http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/ here], including a [http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/papers/tutorial.pdf tutorial]. For some Coccinelle small tasks, click on the mentor name. |
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| 1. Running the Coccinelle scripts that have been developed to collect data. 1. Evaluating the resulting reports to identify real bugs and false positives. 1. Submitting patches to the Linux kernel to fix the identified real bugs that are still present in the kernel. 1. Updating a database with the results. 1. Creating graphs to summarize the results. |
== IIO driver == ''Mentor:'': [:AlisonSchofield:Alison Schofield] and [:DanielBaluta:Daniel Baluta] |
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| == Surviving Year 2038 == | A driver allows applications to communicate and control hardware devices. Each development cycle, driver changes account for more than a half of the total Linux kernel code changes. |
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| ''Mentor'': Arnd Bergmann | The goal of this project is to write a driver for a sensor using the Industrial I/O interface. In the first part of the project you will get familiar with the hardware and the IIO subsystem then implement raw readings from the device. After upstreaming the code you will enhance the driver with advanced features such as support for buffered readings, power management and interrupts. The exact device will be decided when the internship starts. |
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| The concept of 'time' in Linux is encoded in many different ways, but the most common one is based on the 'time_t' type that counts the number of seconds that have passed since Jan 1, 1970. This type is currently defined as 'long', which on 32-bit systems is a signed 32-bit number that will overflow on Jan 19 2038 and likely cause existing systems to stop working, see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year_2038_problem]. |
We will provide you the hardware setup necessary to test the driver. If you are interested in this project please consider solving the [:IIO_tasks:IIO tasks]. |
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| On 64-bit systems, the problem is solved for the most part because 'long' is a 64-bit number that will not overflow for billions of years, but there are some important missing pieces such as file systems that store time in 32-bit quantities on disk as well support for 32-bit user space binaries running on 64-bit kernels. |
== nftables == ''Mentor:'': [:pablo:Pablo Neira Ayuso] |
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| Solving this problem in general is a huge effort involving lots of changes in the kernel as well as in user space. This project focuses on the kernel side, can be nicely split up into many small subtasks and is a prerequisite for doing the user space changes. There are currently 2117 instances of 'time_t', 'struct timespec' and 'struct timeval' in the kernel, and we are going to replace all of them with other types. |
nftables provides a replacement for the very popular {ip,ip6,arp,eb}tables tools. nftables reuses most of the Netfilter components such as the existing hooks, connection tracking system, NAT, userspace queueing, logging among many other features. So we have only replaced the packet classification framework. nftables comes with a new userspace utility ''nft'' and the low-level userspace library ''libnftnl''. The goal will be to help finish the translation layer software that converts from the iptables syntax to nftables, complete some simple missing features and fixing bugs whenever possible. |
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| Any isolated in-kernel uses of these types can be replaced with 'ktime_t' or 'struct timespec64'. For any interface to user space (typically an ioctl command or a system call) that passes a data structure based on these types, we have to keep the existing interface working and introduce an alternative interface that can be used by newly built user space programs. |
If you are interested in this project please consider solving any of the following tasks: |
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| ["y2038"] has a deeper introduction to the topic and will be updated with more detailed subtasks over time. |
* Request an account for the wiki.nftables.org page and help us improve the content. * Provide an iptables to nft translation via the iptables-translate utility. You can give a try to the following extensions: icmp, icmp6, rt. * Try to fix any of the existing nft bugs in bugzilla.netfilter.org. |
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| == IIO staging drivers cleanup == | For more information on nftables, please check: http://wiki.nftables.org |
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| ''Mentors:'' [http://kernelnewbies.org/OctavianPurdila Octavian Purdila], [http://kernelnewbies.org/DanielBaluta Daniel Baluta] | == radix tree __alloc_fd == ''Mentors:'': [:RikvanRiel:Rik van Riel] and [:MatthewWilcox:Matthew Wilcox] |
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| The [http://free-electrons.com/pub/conferences/2012/fosdem/iio-a-new-subsystem/iio-a-new-subsystem.pdf Industrial I/O subsystem] is intended to provide support for devices that in some sense are analog to digital or digital to analog converters. Some devices that fall in this category are: accelerometers, gyroscopes, light sensors, etc. This project will involve cleaning and moving IIO drivers out from staging. Most of the work will change drivers to use proper IIO ABI and adapt the code to follow the Linux Kernel coding style. |
Currently sys_open() uses a linear search through a bitmap to find the first free file descriptor. This custom code could be replaced with the generic radix tree code, using a radix tree tag to keep track of where in the tree free file descriptor entries are. This replaces some custom code in the kernel with generic code (hopefully shrinking the size of the kernel), could result in some memory savings for processes with relatively few open files, and hopefully improve performance of workloads with very large numbers of open files. |
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| We plan to start the with driver for Intersil ISL29018 digital ambient light and proximity sensor. | If you think you may be interested in this project, here are some small tasks to start with: * read how sys_open() currently finds the first open file descriptor, and allocates/resizes the file descriptor table * read how the radix tree code works * email Matthew and Rik a description of your findings, and a proposed project time line If you have any questions, please email Matthew and Rik. == Project == ''Mentor:'': [:WikiName:Mentor names] Brief project description. |
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| * Join the [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/opw-kernel opw-kernel mailing list] * Join the #opw IRC channel on irc.gnome.org * Join the #kernel-opw IRC channel on irc.oftc.net * Read our [:OPWApply:instructions for applying], and apply by October 22. * Use our [:OPWfirstpatch:tutorial] to send in your first kernel patch by October 31. * After you have sent several cleanup patches and at least one patchset, choose a [:OPWTasks:small task] to complete. |
* Join the [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/outreachy-kernel outreachy-kernel mailing list] * Join the #outreachy IRC channel on irc.gnome.org * Join the #kernel-outreachy IRC channel on irc.oftc.net * Read our [:OutreachyApply:instructions for applying], and apply by October 17. * Use our [:Outreachyfirstpatch:tutorial] to send in your first kernel patch by October 17. * After you have 10 cleanup patches and at least two patchsets, choose some [:OutreachyTasks:small tasks] to complete. |
Outreachy (formerly FOSS Outreach Program for Women (OPW) and Project Ascend Alumni)
Please see the [https://www.gnome.org/outreachy/ Outreachy homepage] for an introduction to the program.
The application period for Round 13 will start on September 12, 2016. It's too early to send patches to the outreachy kernel mailing list, but please consider working through the other parts of the tutorial if you are interested in applying.
We are looking for round 13 [:OutreachySponsor:funding sponsors] and Linux kernel [:OutreachyMentor:mentors]. Please see the linked FAQ pages if you want to help out.
Welcome Outreachy applicants! Our [:OutreachySponsor:round 13 sponsors] have generiously donated funds for internships for women, genderqueer, genderfluid, or genderfree people, and residents and nationals of the United States of any gender who are Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander to work on the Linux kernel. The kernel is the most basic layer of the Linux operating system. It encompasses many things: hardware drivers, filesystems, security, task scheduling, and much more.
News This year, we ask that you send all patches to the appropriate staging driver maintainers, as well as to the outreachy mailing list. See [:FirstKernelPatch#submit_a_patch:Submit a patch] for more information.
How to apply
The application period for Outreachy Round 13 is September 12 to October 17. Please fill your [https://live.gnome.org/OutreachProgramForWomen#Application_Process application] by October 17, and complete your kernel patch by October 17 also (7pm UTC in both cases). Applicants that do not complete the first patch will not be considered for an internship. Please take a look at our [:OutreachyApply:application FAQ] for more info on how to fill out your application.
If you are interested in being a Linux kernel intern, please:
Join the [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/outreachy-kernel outreachy-kernel mailing list]
- Join the #outreachy IRC channel on irc.gnome.org
- Join the #kernel-outreachy IRC channel on irc.oftc.net
Read our [:OutreachyApply:instructions for applying], and apply by October 17.
Use our [:Outreachyfirstpatch:tutorial] to send in your first kernel patch by October 17.
Participating Linux kernel projects
Applicants for all projects should have basic experience with C or C++ and boolean algebra. Optionally, we would love it if you have basic operating system knowledge, know your way around a Linux/UNIX command line, and/or know the revision system called git. Please note that these three skills can be learned during the internship.
Some projects may have small tasks you can complete as part of the application process. Do not start on these tasks until after you complete the [:Outreachyfirstpatch:first patch tutorial] and Greg Kroah-Hartman has accepted at least ten of your cleanup patches and two of your patchsets. In order to ensure applicants aren't working on the same task, we need your help in coordinating who is working on what task. Please see the [:OutreachyTasks:Outreachy tasks page] for details before starting on a task!
Round 13 projects
Previous projects, from round 12 projects are available [:OutreachyRound12:here]. For each project, if you click on the proposer's name, you may find more information.
Coccinelle
Mentor:: [:JuliaLawall:Julia Lawall]
Coccinelle is a program matching and transformation tool that has been extensively used for improving Linux kernel code. This project will involve using Coccinelle to address a security issue in the Linux kernel.
The Linux kernel contains many data structures whose contents never change once they are initialized, many of which contain function pointers. Such structures that are modifiable at run time constitute a security risk, because an attacker may be able to overwrite the field value with a pointer to malicious code, that will then be executed with full kernel privileges. The first goal of this project is to use Coccinelle to insert const annotations on such structures to prevent runtime modfications. Some structures, however, cannot be made const, because they are initialized in several steps. In these cases, it may be possible to annotate the structure as __ro_after_init, if all of the initializations can take place during the init phase. The second goal is to add __ro_after_init where they are needed. This may requiring adding __init annotations on some code that is actually only needed during the init phase.line bash script. Please indicate in your application whether you are interested in this part of the project, however, interest in this part of the project is not a prerequisite for being selected as an intern.
More information about Coccinelle is available [http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/ here], including a [http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/papers/tutorial.pdf tutorial]. For some Coccinelle small tasks, click on the mentor name.
IIO driver
Mentor:: [:AlisonSchofield:Alison Schofield] and [:DanielBaluta:Daniel Baluta]
A driver allows applications to communicate and control hardware devices. Each development cycle, driver changes account for more than a half of the total Linux kernel code changes.
The goal of this project is to write a driver for a sensor using the Industrial I/O interface. In the first part of the project you will get familiar with the hardware and the IIO subsystem then implement raw readings from the device. After upstreaming the code you will enhance the driver with advanced features such as support for buffered readings, power management and interrupts. The exact device will be decided when the internship starts.
We will provide you the hardware setup necessary to test the driver. If you are interested in this project please consider solving the [:IIO_tasks:IIO tasks].
nftables
Mentor:: [:pablo:Pablo Neira Ayuso]
nftables provides a replacement for the very popular {ip,ip6,arp,eb}tables tools. nftables reuses most of the Netfilter components such as the existing hooks, connection tracking system, NAT, userspace queueing, logging among many other features. So we have only replaced the packet classification framework. nftables comes with a new userspace utility nft and the low-level userspace library libnftnl. The goal will be to help finish the translation layer software that converts from the iptables syntax to nftables, complete some simple missing features and fixing bugs whenever possible.
If you are interested in this project please consider solving any of the following tasks:
- Request an account for the wiki.nftables.org page and help us improve the content.
- Provide an iptables to nft translation via the iptables-translate utility. You can give a try to the following extensions: icmp, icmp6, rt.
- Try to fix any of the existing nft bugs in bugzilla.netfilter.org.
For more information on nftables, please check: http://wiki.nftables.org
radix tree __alloc_fd
Mentors:: [:RikvanRiel:Rik van Riel] and [:MatthewWilcox:Matthew Wilcox]
Currently sys_open() uses a linear search through a bitmap to find the first free file descriptor. This custom code could be replaced with the generic radix tree code, using a radix tree tag to keep track of where in the tree free file descriptor entries are. This replaces some custom code in the kernel with generic code (hopefully shrinking the size of the kernel), could result in some memory savings for processes with relatively few open files, and hopefully improve performance of workloads with very large numbers of open files.
If you think you may be interested in this project, here are some small tasks to start with:
- read how sys_open() currently finds the first open file descriptor, and allocates/resizes the file descriptor table
- read how the radix tree code works
- email Matthew and Rik a description of your findings, and a proposed project time line
If you have any questions, please email Matthew and Rik.
Project
Mentor:: [:WikiName:Mentor names]
Brief project description.
Yeah, that sounds cool!
If you are interested in being a Linux kernel intern, please:
Join the [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/outreachy-kernel outreachy-kernel mailing list]
- Join the #outreachy IRC channel on irc.gnome.org
- Join the #kernel-outreachy IRC channel on irc.oftc.net
Read our [:OutreachyApply:instructions for applying], and apply by October 17.
Use our [:Outreachyfirstpatch:tutorial] to send in your first kernel patch by October 17.
After you have 10 cleanup patches and at least two patchsets, choose some [:OutreachyTasks:small tasks] to complete.